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In addition to forcing the native populations into slavery, the Spanish explorers forced them to convert to Christianity. All of these items are still traded across the Atlantic today to places all over the world. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Carrack or Nao - Ages of Exploration - Mariners' Museum and Park In 1488, Bartholomeu Dias managed to make his way around the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa. What was the difference between the Portuguese and Spanish trading Spanish Exploration And Colonization - 1015 Words | Studymode 27 chapters | He presided as governor over the province of Nueva Galicia, where he heard rumors of wealth to the north: a golden city called Quivira. The motives that spur human beings to examine their environment are many. All those he petitionedincluding Ferdinand and Isabella at firstrebuffed him; their nautical experts all concurred that Columbuss estimates of the width of the Atlantic Ocean were far too low. Beyond the splendor of the architecture of the missions, what we see today is the cumulative effect of a historic process Spain triggered with its efforts to govern and Christianize the New World, thereby culturally changing the land and people forever. De Gama's successful venture created a greater demand than ever before for overseas trades along the African coast. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. Vasco Nez de Balboa traveled across Panama in 1513 and saw the Pacific Ocean for the first time. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? The system also allowed them to protect their imports as they traveled back to Portugal. In either case, she demonstrates one way in which native peoples responded to the arrival of the Spanish. Translated to conqueror, conquistadors were a class of men who especially partook in the age of exploration and discovery by leading expeditions to the New World with the understanding that conquest would gain them wealth and power with their monarchs. A fortified trading post, it had mounted cannons facing out to sea, not inland toward continental Africa; the Portuguese had greater fear of a naval attack from other Europeans than of a land attack from Africans. The time was ripe to explore, discover, and expand. As they died, new workers were needed. Hogwarts Legacy - steamcommunity.com Columbuss 1493 letteror probanza de mrito (proof of merit)describing his discovery of a New World did much to inspire excitement in Europe. Velzquez painted himself into this imposingly large royal portrait (hes shown holding his brush and easel on the left) and boldly placed the viewer where the king and queen would stand in the scene ([link]). While the Portuguese built a maritime trading empire in Africa and Asia, the Spanish built a territorial empire in the Americas . The surviving Spaniards, numbering a little over three hundred, returned to Mexico City without finding the much-anticipated mountains of gold and silver. He then sailed to an island he named Hispaniola (present-day Dominican Republic and Haiti) ([link]). They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. This phenomenon is named after the physics of whip cracking. One of this periods most famous works is the novel The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha, by Miguel de Cervantes. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. He spent most of his life in the Americas advocating for the natives. Portuguese sailors continued to make important discoveries in this new arena as well. Hispaniola is a marvel. Europeans wanted to find their own trade routes and cut out the middle men, and with their better ships, maps, and navigational tools, they finally had the technology to do it. Thereafter, Vasco de Gama rounded the horn and actually reached India in 1498, allowing the Portuguese to succeed in their ultimate aim of establishing a direct connection with the spice trade. What were three outcomes of Spanish Exploration? The Spanish established the first European settlements in the Americas, beginning in the Caribbean and, by 1600, extending throughout Central and South America. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. The Spanish also brought the disease smallpox. Eli Whitney Inventions & Facts | What Did Eli Whitney Invent? The Spanish quickly set out to explore, conquer, and colonize, which was bad news for the Amerindians who got in their way as they launched their empire. Taming the Bullwhip: An Exploration of the Supply Chain Ripple Effect Why Did Europeans Want a New Route to Asia? - Reference.com The regions through which he traveled were not empty areas waiting to be discovered: rather, they were populated and controlled by the groups of native peoples indicated. This exchange benefitted Europeans more than Native Americans because Europeans spread smallpox , a deadly disease, to Native Americans when they came into contact with them. Far from being unified and content under Aztec rule, many peoples in Mexico resented it and were ready to rebel. He believed that, using calculations based on other mariners journeys, he could chart a westward route to India, which could be used to expand European trade and spread Christianity. Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire and took part in explorations of the northern Caribbean coast of South America. succeed. Although the Spanish had superior weapons, the strength of the Aztecs made the campaign long and grueling. Lasting effects of Spanish conquest in Latin America included the decimation of native populations and suppression of their languages, histories and cultures. The Spanish also brought smallpox into the valley of Mexico. The Jesuits attempted to covert the natives to Christianity, but most of the other colonists were more interested in pushing west to find gold and silver. Chapter 15 Maritime Revolution - AP World History - Google This colonial enterprise was driven by a search for African gold, Asian spices, and Christian kingdoms in the east. This innovation helped the Age of Exploration flourish because it showed explorers what direction they were headed. Cortes formally claimed Mexican land for the Spanish crown in 1519. Thousands of Spaniards flocked to the Americas seeking wealth and status. Jul 22nd, 2021 Published. Hernando de Soto had participated in Pizarros conquest of the Inca, and from 1539 to 1542 he led expeditions to what is today the southeastern United States, looking for gold. The spread of Christianity to native populations. The voyages of Columbus. The Spanish looked south in the 1530s and 1540s. Age of Exploration Jeopardy Template Upon Columbuss return to Spain, the Spanish crown bestowed on him the title of Admiral of the Ocean Sea and named him governor and viceroy of the lands he had discovered. The travels of Portuguese traders to western Africa introduced them to the African slave trade, already brisk among African states. found and claimed Pacific Ocean for Spain and called it the south sea Hernando Cortes 1519- to find gold glory and god. The reasons for the difference are to be found in the. B. Africans were enslaved and brought to the Americas. with an exploratory and descriptive study with a sample of five YouTube channels in Spanish and Portuguese aimed at early . Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest by OpenStaxCollege is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Many other Europeans followed in Columbuss footsteps, drawn by dreams of winning wealth by sailing west. Vasco de Gamas exploits successfully established a spice trade between Europe and India. How do you think it might have influenced Europeans reading about the New World for the first time? This was centre of the gold trade. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The Spanish followed suit, beginning with Christopher Columbus, before moving beyond mere trade and focusing on empire building. However, when Columbus in fact discovered America, the subsequent discoveries of indigenous peoples led the Catholic country to move beyond pure trade goals to establish lasting colonies that would add to Spain's greatness and spread Catholicism to the New World. Spains acquisitiveness seemingly knew no bounds as groups of its explorers searched for the next trove of instant riches. The results of the study allowed us to discover the characteristics of the contents which have an effect on informal learning, favoring the child's creativity and the development of abilities and. It also established trading posts in China and Japan. The Portuguese took firm control of trade with the Far East. Those who survived were strongly influenced by Spanish language, religion, art and architecture. Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? Effects of Spanish Exploration - CAST what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?the renaissance apartments chicago snoopy happy dance emoji 8959 norma pl west hollywood ca 90069 8959 norma pl west hollywood ca 90069 This angered the people of Tenochtitln, who rose up against the interlopers in their city. An error occurred trying to load this video. Columbus' discoveries also shifted the reasons behind Spanish exploration from trade to empire-building and exploration. This split desire for wealth and religious conversion was the complicated reason why Spain explored the New World. The main driving forces for these pressures include the growing population associated with rapid urbanization and human settlements along the coast, industrial growth, oil exploration, production and export and the associated tanker traffic, fishing, tourism, agriculture, aquaculture and sea water desalination. What were some effects of Spanish exploration of the Americas? 2 Why was exploration so important to Spain? (04.05) Painting of a scene showing European explorers and native peoples in the New World. conquered Aztecs, killed emperor, collected gold Ferdinand Magellan The Spanish also introduced Catholicism into the New World. Large numbers of Spanish people came to live and work in their new lands of Central and South America. Indeed, the Renaissance world was looking outward. This island, like all the others, is most extensive. However, these stories are based on the self-aggrandizing efforts of conquistadors to secure royal favor through the writing of probanzas de mritos (proofs of merit). Huguenots Overview, History & Beliefs | Who were the Huguenots? Columbus' reports about the many people already living in the New World prompted Queen Isabel to consider them under her protection as members of the Spanish Empire, promising to bring them to the Catholic faith and wanting them to be fairly treated. What does this letter show us about Spanish objectives in the New World? 1 What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? This sixteenth-century map shows the island of Hispaniola (present-day Haiti and Dominican Republic). They were looking for something new and different, and they were ready to push beyond Europe to find it. The story of North American exploration spans an entire millennium and involves a wide array of European powers and uniquely American characters. Sources. It has many ports along the sea-coast excelling any in Christendomand many fine, large, flowing rivers. In Spain, gold and silver from the Americas helped to fuel a golden age, the Siglo de Oro, when Spanish art and literature flourished. What lands did Spain lay claim to and how did the Portuguese react? Among these was Toribio Motolinia, whose work, History of the Indians of New Spain, provided a comprehensive description not only of conversion methods, but Aztec religious and cultural practices. Perched on the southwestern part of the Iberian peninsula, Portugal turned to the boundless Atlantic Ocean as its only outlet to the wider world. The disease took a heavy toll on the people in Tenochtitln, playing a much greater role in the citys demise than did Spanish force of arms. How to Market Your Business with Webinars. When this lesson is over, you should be able to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Millions of Amerindians died by violence and disease as the Spanish marched through their lands, and even the very face of the land changed as the explorers and settlers brought new livestock, weeds, and germs to the New World. While disease killed populations. Their goals were to expand Catholicism and to gain a commercial advantage over Portugal. Test and improve your knowledge of The Age of Discovery & Exploration with fun multiple choice exams you can take online with Study.com. Columbus set sail with three small ships and a crew of eighty . Spanish & Portuguese Exploration of the New World & Asia | Motives As Spains empire expanded and riches flowed in from the Americas, the Spanish experienced a golden age of art and literature. The overland routes involved terrain that was unforgiving and dangerous, and merchants couldn't trust that they would always be safe. With his faithful sidekick Sancho Panza, Don Quixote leaves reality behind and sets out to revive chivalry by doing battle with what he perceives as the enemies of Spain. spices, of Asia. This creation of a trading post empire tapped into the existing slave trade among Africans with the Portuguese fully participating and expanding the trade beyond African borders. Portuguese exploration along the African coast was marked by trading rather than colonization with the empire-building posts to protect their ships carrying spices and gold back to Portugal and allying with African kings when possible. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. This map traces Coronados path through the American Southwest and the Great Plains. Spanish and Portuguese Exploration Flashcards | Quizlet 1524. Great Explorers of Spain and Portugal: Aims & Discoveries, Radical Reformation Origins & Beliefs | Anabaptists & Antitrinitarians. Those who resisted were punished by a system called encomienda, in which natives were assigned to settlers through land grants as part of a deal. In the 1500s they had ships called Spanish Galleons that . In August 1521, having successfully fomented civil war as well as fended off rival Spanish explorers, Corts claimed Tenochtitln for Spain and renamed it Mexico City. The confinement of my story to Spanish, rather than Iberian, America means the almost total exclusion of the Portuguese settlement of Brazil, except for glancing references to the sixty-year period, from 1580 to 1640, when it formed part of Spain's global monarchy. The Portuguese did not emphasize colonization in their new territories. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? The magnetic compass was a compass that had a magnetized needle supporting a magnetic card. Her specialties include early modern European history, gender history, and music history. Spanish and Portuguese explorations expanded the understanding of the world and the diversity of its people for future centuries. It also marks an increased adoption of colonialism as a government policy in several European states. JMSE | Free Full-Text | Can a 16th Century Shipwreck Be Considered a When we read them now, we need to take the descriptions with a grain of salt. The Portuguese led the way as explorers sponsored by Prince Henry the Navigator sailed down the coast of Africa, establishing a profitable trade in gold and slaves. Spanish fleets returned from the New World with holds full of gold, silver, and precious gemstones while Spanish priests traveled the world to convert and save the souls of the native populations. Baker Hughes (NYSE: BKR) is a leading energy technology company that design, manufacture and service transformative technologies to help take energy forward. The Official Site of Philip T. Rivera. PDF The Age of Exploration - Urbandale Community School District They established posts in Guinea and Angola and a few island plantations to support their business ventures. Corts arrived on Hispaniola in 1504 and took part in the conquest of that island. Portuguese explorers were able to discover and conquer new worlds. Menu and widgets What was an effect of Spanish exploration on both the Inca and the Aztec civilization? Indeed, the Spanish created an empire across two continents, and the world would never be the same. 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Portuguese mariners built an Atlantic empire by colonizing the Canary, Cape Verde, and Azores Islands, as well as the island of Madeira. Eventually they blocked access altogether. Ten years later, Francisco Pizarro traveled to Peru where he subsequently conquered the Incan Empire situated in the Andes Mountains. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? How Portugal became the first global sea power - CBS News Finally, they also desired to build an empire and spread Catholicism. The Spanish explorers hoped to find cities of gold, so they made their discoveries sound as wonderful as possible in these letters to convince the Spanish crown to fund more voyages. European exploration | Definition, Facts, Maps, Images - Britannica The Portuguese destroyed the Arab trade routes in the Indian Ocean between Africa, Arabia and India. Fighting on horseback gave the Spanish explorers an advantage over the Native American populations, who fought on foot. In 1533, Pizarro founded Lima, Peru. A major result of the European Age of Exploration was. During the Spanish colonial era, ships frequently transported mercury across the Atlantic to the New World to be used in gold mining. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? . When these expeditions began, Europeans knew virtually nothing about the area past Cape Bojador on. Inspired and backed financially by Prince Henry the Navigator, Portuguese explorers sailed south, down the coast of Africa, in hopes of finding a route to the Far East. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. They also had different strategies that helped them make progress through their travels of the ocean. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? Inspired by tales of rivers of gold and timid, malleable natives, later Spanish explorers were relentless in their quest for land and gold. Spain wanted to explore the New World first to find a trade route to India as the Portuguese had. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugals explorers changed Europeans understanding of the world in several ways. However, the reality is far more complex. Who ruled the government of ancient Sumer? Which type of automated bidding strategy is Target CPA? The exploits of European explorers had a profound impact both in the Americas and back in Europe. Effects of Spanish Rule in North and South America: 1. Treaty of Tordesillas | Overview & Significance | Study.com Hoping to gain power over the city, Corts took Moctezuma, the Aztec ruler, hostage. Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. Spains most famous explorer, Christopher Columbus, was actually from Genoa, Italy. It began with the Vikings' brief stint . The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492, Creating New Social Orders: Colonial Societies, 15001700, Rule Britannia! During the fifteenth century, Spain hoped to gain advantage over its rival, Portugal. Another Italian, Amerigo Vespucci, sailing for the Portuguese crown, explored the South American coastline between 1499 and 1502. A. Africans found a sea route around the world. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration quizlet? Compare And Contrast The Social And Economic Effects Of | Bartleby Hernn Corts hoped to gain hereditary privilege for his family, tribute payments and labor from natives, and an annual pension for his service to the crown. The Portuguese replaced Arab control of the trade in ivory, gold and slaves with their own. Spains drive to enlarge its empire led other hopeful conquistadors to push further into the Americas, hoping to replicate the success of Corts and Pizarro. What Was The Age Of Exploration Or The Age Of Discovery? answer choices. The Portuguese had the best and most up-to-date navigational tools as well. Native Spaniards created equally enduring works. Spanish Exploration Birth of the USA American Constitution American Independence War Causes of the American Revolution Democratic Republican Party General Thomas Gage biography Intolerable Acts Loyalists Powers of the President Quebec Act Seven Years' War Stamp Act Tea Party Cold War Battle of Dien Bien Phu Brezhnev Doctrine Brezhnev Era extensive migration of people from the Western Hemisphere to Europe and Asia. The explorers also gained new foods like corn and pineapple. . What was the positive impact of Portuguese exploration? Portuguese explorers were excellent navigators. After Christopher Columbus bumped into the New World in 1492, a string of explorers and conquistadors set about claiming territory for Spain. What was the impact of Vasco de Gamas exploration? Portrait of Ferdinand Magellan. One group in particular, the Tlaxcalan, threw their lot in with the Spanish, providing as many as 200,000 fighters in the siege of Tenochtitln. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest - U.S. History This 1502 map, known as the Cantino World Map, depicts the cartographers interpretation of the world in light of recent discoveries.