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And this is the reason why most students find it to be an interesting subject. Biased samples that are not representative of the population give results that are inaccurate and not valid. That is, a member of the population may be chosen only once. Continuous data. 1. b. To choose a simple random sample of size three from the other members of her class, Lisa could put all 31 names in a hat, shake the hat, close her eyes, and pick out three names. Statistics involves organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and representing data. Grouped distribution of continuous data tabulation frequencies is performed against a value group. according to measurement accuracy, it can be significantly subdivided into smaller sections. Sampling without replacement instead of sampling with replacement becomes a mathematical issue only when the population is small. What is the type of sampling in each case? Create a stratified sample by column. discrete because the data can only take on specific values . O C. The data are continuous because the data can. An administrative assistant is asked to stand in front of the library one Wednesday and to ask the first 100 undergraduate students he encounters what they paid for tuition the Fall semester. A more technological way is for Lisa to first list the last names of the members of her class together with a two-digit number, as in Table \(\PageIndex{2}\): Lisa can use a table of random numbers (found in many statistics books and mathematical handbooks), a calculator, or a computer to generate random numbers. These types of data are sorted by category, not by number. O C. B. Sampling data should be done very carefully. The height of a student from age 5-15 is continuous data because the height varies continuously from age 5-15 which is not a constant for 10 years. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Small letters like \(x\) or \(y\) generally are used to represent data values. Discrete data is data that can only take certain values, while data that can take any value is continuous data. a. The circumferences (in inches) of people's heads Choose the correct answer below. Because students can complete only a whole number of hours (no fractions of hours allowed), this data is quantitative discrete. It is not possible to measure qualitative data in terms of. data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an 2. The numbers generated are as follows: 0.94360; 0.99832; 0.14669; 0.51470; 0.40581; 0.73381; 0.04399. Qualitative data are generally described by words or letters. It is further classified as discrete data and continuous data. This data helps a company analyze its business, design its strategies, and help build a successful data-driven decision-making process. It only contains finite values, the subdivision of which is not possible. C. The exact distances (in centimeters) between the chairs in a college classroom. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. Can we have both discrete data and continuous data from the same experiment? Procrastination isnt even the last option if you are preparing for a statistics exam. Sleep deprivation is of no use, instead, you should take a nap to relax the nerves of your brain in order to learn and study later. Then survey every U.S. congressman in the cluster. In one study, eight 16 ounce cans were measured and produced the following amount (in ounces) of beverage: 15.8; 16.1; 15.2; 14.8; 15.8; 15.9; 16.0; 15.5. Q: Classify the Following as Discrete and Continuous Data. This is true even when the samples are well-chosen and representative of the population. The ordinal data only shows the sequences and cannot use for statistical analysis. Any group of n individuals is equally likely to be chosen by any other group of n individuals if the simple random sampling technique is used. Statistics is a quite tough subject but for those who know how to use their mind, its the best one for them as it involves more practical knowledge and conceptual learning. Your phone book contains 20,000 residence listings. Be aware that as you take data, your data may vary somewhat from the data someone else is taking for the same purpose. Just know that you have prepared and worked hard for this. O A. Each student is chosen using simple random sampling. Tables are a good way of organizing and displaying data. Ordinal data is qualitative data for which their values have some kind of relative position. Dynamic models of epidemiology in discrete time taking into account The points are associated with an unbroken line. You may wrap around (go back to the beginning). The weights (in tons) of the trees in a forestANSWERA.) You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. Divide 84 a money box contains 1 coins, 2 coins, 5 coins and 10 coins 10 coins is four times the number of 1 coins. Lisa reads two-digit groups until she has chosen three class members (that is, she reads 0.94360 as the groups 94, 43, 36, 60). The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Ivy's house is at E, 750 feet from the intersection. Continuous information is information that falls into a continuous series. Numeric variables represent characteristics that you can express as numbers rather than descriptive language. the number of data values is increased), their sample results (the average amount of time a student sleeps) might be closer to the actual population average. The number of books in a rack is a finite countable number. If we have quantitative data, such as the correct number of questions on a test, then the data can be continuous or discrete. 1.2: Variables and Types of Data - Statistics LibreTexts continuous, and explain why. You sample five gyms. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. We are interested in the average amount of money a part-time student spends on books in the fall term. We choose ten different part-time students from the disciplines of chemistry, math, English, psychology, sociology, history, nursing, physical education, art, and early childhood development. 2013. Determine whether the value is from a discrete or continuous It is from a discrete data set because the number of possible values is infinite and countable. Press ENTER 15 times and record the numbers. A student interviews classmates in his algebra class to determine how many pairs of jeans a student owns, on the average. Determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative) for the number of cars in a parking lot. Three cell phone towers form APQR. Performance & security by Cloudflare. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why The speeds of the different people walking in a park Choose the correct answer below. A soccer coach selects six players from a group of boys aged eight to ten, seven players from a group of boys aged 11 to 12, and three players from a group of boys aged 13 to 14 to form a recreational soccer team. Therefore this is discrete data. Answered: State whether the data discribed below | bartleby Data that can only take on certain values are discrete data. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your college population, the four departments make up the cluster sample. 26. Vedantu LIVE Online Master Classes is an incredibly personalized tutoring platform for you, while you are staying at your home. The amount a person grew (in height) in a year. You measure continuous data. Notice that backpacks carrying three books can have different weights. Be aware that many large samples are biased. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. The volumes left parenthesis in cubic feet right parenthesis of different rooms Choose the correct answer below. For any particular sample of 1,000, if you are sampling with replacement. These 15 quiz scores are the systematic sample. Solved CS State whether the data described below are - Chegg categorical, quantitative discrete or quantitative continuous. The amount of money they spend on books is as follows: $128; $87; $173; $116; $130; $204; $147; $189; $93; $153. a. A. A completely random method is used to select 75 students. Arrow over to PRB. You should ask the doubt there and then clear it, analyze it and work on it. Show Less. All you can do right now is to just take a deep breath and believe in yourself! Scott Keeter et al., Gauging the Impact of Growing Nonresponse on Estimates from a National RDD Telephone Survey, Public Opinion Quarterly 70 no. Look at Figures \(\PageIndex{3}\) and \(\PageIndex{4}\) and determine which graph (pie or bar) you think displays the comparisons better. The data she collects are summarized in the pie chart Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\). This variability in samples cannot be stressed enough. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. Otherwise, the variable is nominal. The departments are the clusters. a chemical reaction comma repeated several times Choose the correct Hint: Data that are discrete often start with the words "the number of.". , i.e. The second sample is a group of senior citizens who are, more than likely, taking courses for health and interest. Statistical data about spreading of the epidemic are known in discrete periods of time, for example twenty-four hours. Besides herself, Lisas group will consist of Marcierz, Cuningham, and Cuarismo. Frequently Asked Questions, Pew Research Center for the People & the Press, www.people-press.org/methodolwer-your-polls (accessed May 1, 2013). Its really normal for you to feel anxious before your exam especially when the subject is statistics. The colors of the houses are white, yellow, white, red, and white. The total number of students in a class is an example of discrete data. It also could not be used if the percentages added to less than 100%. Your answer is correct. In reality, a sample will never be exactly representative of the population so there will always be some sampling error. The graph in Figure \(\PageIndex{5}\) is a Pareto chart. For this example, suppose Lisa chooses to generate random numbers from a calculator. Sometimes percentages add up to be more than 100% (or less than 100%). B. Have some sleep, its important. They may be related (correlated) because of their relationship through a different variable. Whenever you face any problem the best solution is consulting the concerned teacher, you should never hesitate to ask for doubts. The sample probably doesnt represent the entire fan base and is probably biased towards people who would prefer music. Doreen and Jung each take samples of 500 students. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. The amount of money they spend on books is probably much less than the average parttime student. A. These data cant be broken into decimal or fraction values. O A. Your email address will not be published. The areas of the lawns are 144 sq. Ducks in a pond are discrete data because the number of ducks is a finite number. The continuous data can be broken down into fractions and decimals, i.e. Items a, e, f, k, and l are quantitative discrete; items d, j, and n are quantitative continuous; items b, c, g, h, i, and m are qualitative. according to measurement accuracy, it can be significantly subdivided into smaller sections. The random numbers 0.94360 and 0.99832 do not contain appropriate two digit numbers. Those 100 students are the sample. The colors red, black, black, green, and gray are qualitative data. (a) Is the data discrete or continuous? Why? (b) Prepare a freq | Filo Which pair is farther from camp? What type of data is this? Hint: Data that are discrete often start with the words "the number of." the number of pairs of shoes you own. c. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. Random sampling methods include simple random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, and systematic sampling. The result of the rolling is a dice is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Complex numbers and fluctuating data values that be measured over a defined time frame are referred to as continuous data. The data are the weights of backpacks with books in them. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. It can be the version of an android phone, the height of a person, the length of an object, etc. For the purpose of analysis, data are presented as the facts and figures collected together. Using a calculator, random numbers are generated and a student from a particular discipline is selected if he or she has a corresponding number. Whether you are a data scientist, marketer, businessman, data analyst, researcher, or you are in any other profession, you need to play or experiment with raw or structured data. Discrete data: When numerical data has values that are countable and specific to a particular category, it is called discrete data. Your instructor will give each group one six-sided die. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. As you become accustomed to sampling, the variability will begin to seem natural. y's house is at D, 750 feet from the intersection. A study is done to determine the average tuition that San Jose State undergraduate students pay per semester. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The actual process of sampling causes sampling errors. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. You'll find career guides, tech tutorials and industry news to keep yourself updated with the fast-changing world of tech and business. Step One: Master the Foundational Knowledge. For example, you can not have a natural order for apple, orange, and banana. Since these samples are not representative of the entire population, is it wise to use the results to describe the entire population? 24 people said theyd prefer more talk shows, and 176 people said theyd prefer more music. Neither would be wrong, however. Compare the fractions 999/10,000 and 999/9,999. These 18 quiz scores are a stratified sample. The data will be quantitative, say 2+3 (=5) apples. A high school educational researcher interviews 50 high school female teachers and 50 high school male teachers. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. These kinds of data can be considered in-between qualitative and quantitative data. Height is continuous but we sometimes don't really worry too much about minor variations and club heights into a set of discrete data instead. answer below. Then choose every fiftieth name thereafter until you have a total of 400 names (you might have to go back to the beginning of your phone list). When a sampling bias happens, there can be incorrect conclusions drawn about the population that is being studied. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific . For the purpose of analysis, data are presented as the facts and figures collected together. You sample the same five students. A sample should have the same characteristics as the population it is representing. Working on data is crucial because we need to figure out what kind of data it is and how to use it to get valuable output out of it. discrete because the data can only. It helps you in saving time later as you already have some knowledge about algebra. A. Continuous data is the data that can be of any value. Number each department, and then choose four different numbers using simple random sampling. Excelling your basic knowledge about the subject promotes conceptual learning and hence, you can easily get familiar with new concepts too. Record the number and the first quiz score. To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a proportionate number from each stratum. Ungrouped frequency distribution of discrete data is performed against a single value. It is countable. Also read: 22 Top Data Science Books Learn Data Science Like an Expert. O C. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. Section 1-2 Practice Problems Flashcards | Quizlet There are no strict rules concerning which graphs to use. Starting with that student, every 50th student is chosen until 75 students are included in the sample. Data is classified into 4 types. On your calculator, press Math and arrow over to PRB. Books for these classes tend to be expensive. MAT 131 - Descriptive Statistics Ch. 1.2 - Types of Data - Quizlet Required fields are marked *. Quantitative data may be either discrete or continuous. A.The data are continuous because the data can only take on the data can only take on specificvalues. Non-response or refusal of subject to participate: The collected responses may no longer be representative of the population. For accuracy, carry the decimal answers to four decimal places. You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Measurement of height and weight of a student, Daily temperature measurement of a place, Wind speed measured daily, etc. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. Most data can be put into the following categories: Qualitative data are the result of categorizing or describing attributes of a population. Researchers often prefer to use quantitative data over qualitative data because it lends itself more easily to mathematical analysis. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. A histogram is used to display quantitative data: the numbers of credit hours completed. categorical, quantitative discrete or quantitative continuous. Sample size issues: Samples that are too small may be unreliable. Examples are lengths, temperature, etc. The data are the areas of lawns in square feet. Solved State whether the data described below are discrete - Chegg Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. It is a good idea to look at a variety of graphs to see which is the most helpful in displaying the data. where n is the number of tips in the phylogeny ( ) , P is the continuous trait value of each species, and Q is the expected value of each species given the continuous trait model calculated following Equation (11) of Beaulieu et al. The data he collects are summarized in the histogram. Evaluate it on its merits and the work done. A discrete data set because there are a finite number of possible values. To determine the proportion of people taking public transportation to work, survey 20 people in New York City. It might sound a bit weird but do not burden yourself with new topics before the exam. To four decimal places, 9/25 = 0.3600 and 9/24 = 0.3750. All members of the four departments with those numbers are the cluster sample. One-third of a number when decreased by 2 equals one-fifth of the nimenbe Find the number. Ordinal data have natural ordering where a number is present in some kind of order by their position on the scale. A discrete variable, on the other hand, can only take on specific values. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. The data are because.continuous the data can take on any value in an interval B. A local radio station has a fan base of 20,000 listeners. A type of sampling that is non-random is convenience sampling. You should know how to manage your time and utilize it in the best way possible. Therefore, adjustment of the differential equations system under such data . C. The data are Self-selected samples: Responses only by people who choose to respond, such as call-in surveys, are often unreliable. Types of soups, nuts, vegetables and desserts are qualitative data because they are categorical. The data are discrete because the data can . state whether the data is continous or discrete The durations of air. What is the main difference between discrete and continuous data? Each method has pros and cons. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. A bar graph is appropriate to compare the relative size of the categories. on any value in an interval . In a college population of 10,000 people, suppose you want to pick a sample of 1,000 randomly for a survey. B. If they are not, discuss the reasons. The numbers of countries in the world in different years Choose the correct answer below. Still, continuous data stores the fractional numbers to record different types of data such as temperature, height, width, time, speed, etc. pair starts due east and then turns 50 toward north. Press ENTER two more times for the other 2 random numbers. For example, suppose Lisa wants to form a four-person study group (herself and three other people) from her pre-calculus class, which has 31 members not including Lisa. We need to evaluate the statistical studies we read about critically and analyze them before accepting the results of the studies. The data are continuous because the data can take So is the case of statistics too. b. 8. The examples you have seen in this book so far have been small. B. All data that are the result of counting are called quantitative discrete data. Making a schedule/timetable or studying together with your peers may help you in focusing and keep you active. Discrete vs continuous data are two broad categories of numeric variables. CS State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Do not automatically assume that the study is good, but do not automatically assume the study is bad either. Examples of discrete variables are the number of students and age. However, generally, we use age as a discrete variable. To find the average GPA of all students in a university, use all honor students at the university as the sample. Statistics and Probability questions and answers, CS State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Data from www.bookofodds.com/Relationsh-the-President. . For example, you could stratify (group) your college population by department and then choose a proportionate simple random sample from each stratum (each department) to get a stratified random sample. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval . Work collaboratively to determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative). Two positions of an open gate are shown. c. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. 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A continuous data set because there are infinitely many possible values and those values cannot be counted. A random number generator is used to pick two of those years. Working with data requires good data science skills and a deep understanding of different types of data and how to work with them. To find out the most popular cereal among young people under the age of ten, stand outside a large supermarket for three hours and speak to every twentieth child under age ten who enters the supermarket. Surveys mailed to households and then returned may be very biased (they may favor a certain group). State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous and explain why The amounts of time that different brands' batteries last in a CD player. Amount of money, pulse rate, weight, number of people living in your town, and number of students who take statistics are examples of quantitative data. ), Ranking of people in a competition (First, Second, Third, etc. If you and your friends carry backpacks with books in them to school, the numbers of books in the backpacks are discrete data and the weights of the backpacks are continuous data. The three cans of soup, two packages of nuts, four kinds of vegetables and two desserts are quantitative discrete data because you count them. 5 (2006). b. The tables display counts (frequencies) and percentages or proportions (relative frequencies). A. a. LBCC Distance Learning (DL) program data in 2010-2011. lastbaldeagle. The key difference between discrete and continuous data is that discrete data contains the integer or whole number. Answered: State whether the data described below | bartleby You will learn why when you study confidence intervals. The list of fruit is nominal. Create a cluster sample by picking two of the columns. a. stratified; b. systematic; c. simple random; d. cluster; e. convenience. Compare the fractions 9/25 and 9/24. . To find the average annual income of all adults in the United States, sample U.S. congressmen. Data may be classified as qualitative, quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. What type of data does this graph show? No. The students spend the following amounts: $180; $50; $150; $85; $260; $75; $180; $200; $200; $150. The duration of movies in minutes A.The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. But graphs can be even more helpful in understanding the data.