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The others were either found guilty but pardoned, found not guilty, were never indicted or simply evaded arrest or escaped from jail. His diagnosis of bewitchment put into motion the forces that would ultimately result in the hanging deaths of 19 men and women. Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Eventually, after seeming to realize how unfair the trials were to the accused, the court refused to hear any more charges of witchcraft. One freezing day in January of 1692, something strange happened inside the Parris household of Salem Village, Massachusetts. my question for the project was what was the history of the salem witch trials. In 1957, the state of Massachusetts officially apologized for the Salem Witch Trials and cleared the name ofsome of the remaining victims not listed in the 1711 law, stating: One Ann Pudeator and certain other persons yet did not list the other victims names. The trials only lasted three months, but they managed to leave a perpetual dark mark on the town's history. Presided over by Chief Justice William Stoughton, the court was made up of magistrates and jurors. The less-than-thorough procedures of the Salem courtroom also prompted tighter, more rational legal processes that would later be enshrined in the US Constitution. I need a bibliography for my class report. What were the witch trials in Salem actually about and how did it all start? More than 200 people were accused. The Witchcraft of Salem Village. Although I just found it, it has helped me with what I needed on my Salem Witch Trials report for History. Thanks! In May, as the number of cases grew, Governor William Phips set up a special court, known as the Court of Oyer and Terminer (which translate to hear and determine) to hear the cases. Some (incredibly mean) people devoted their time to making a science out of witchcraft. The Story of the Salem Witch Trials - Bryan F. Le Beau 2016-05-23 Between June 10 and September 22, 1692, nineteen people were hanged for practicing witchcraft in Salem, Massachusetts. Her apology states: I desire to be humbled before God for that sad and humbling providence that befell my fathers family in the year about 92; that I, then being in my childhood, should, by such a providence of God, be made an instrument for the accusing of several persons of a grievous crime, whereby their lives were taken away from them, whom now I have just grounds and good reason to believe they were innocent persons; and that it was a great delusion of Satan that deceived me in that sad time, whereby I justly fear I have been instrumental, with others, though ignorantly and unwittingly, to bring upon myself and this land the guilt of innocent blood; though what was said or done by me against any person I can truly and uprightly say, before God and man, I did it not out of any anger, malice, or ill-will to any person, for I had no such thing against one of them; but what I did was ignorantly, being deluded by Satan. Some say it's because temperatures dropped significantly, there was famine and people needed a scapegoat. It is sad where the mind-set was back then. When a young Lancastrian woman called Alison Device asked for a pin from a travelling peddler but was denied, the peddler apparently became immediately paralysed down his left side. Its a common myth that the Salem Witch Trials victims were burned at the stake. Salem was . Its good to see that the court system has progressed. The parallels between the Salem Witch Trials and more modem examples ofwitch huntinglike the McCarthy hearings of the 1950s, are remarkable. Although the infamous persecution of witches . Native History & Indigenous Acknowledgement, The Journey from 1692 to Salems Modern Witch Community. I am totally shocked to be related in this way. On October 31, 2001, the state amended the 1957 apology and cleared the names of the remaining unnamed victims, stating: Chapter 145 of the resolves of 1957 is hereby amended by striking out, in line 1, the words One Ann Pudeator and certain other persons and inserting in place thereof the following words:- Ann Pudeator, Bridget Bishop, Susannah Martin, Alice Parker, Margaret Scott and Wilmot Redd.. A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials. Smithsonian Magazine, Smithsonian Institute, 23 Oct. 2007, www.smithsonianmag.com/history/a-brief-history-of-the-salem-witch-trials-175162489/. Just as true today as it was a few centuries ago, fearmongering really accelerated the accusations. Cotton Mather and the Salem Witch Trials - The History Junkie On that day, Judge Samuel Sewall attended prayer services at Bostons South Church and asked Reverend Samuel Willard to read a public apology that Sewall had written, which states: Samuel Sewall, sensible of the reiterated strokes of God upon himself and family; and being sensible, that as to the guilt contracted upon the opening of the late Commission of Oyer and Terminer at Salem (to which the order of this day relates) he is, upon many accounts, more concerned than any that he knows of, desires to take the blame and shame of it, asking pardon of men, and especially desiring prayers that God, who has an unlimited authority, would pardon that sin and all other his sins; personal and relative: And according to his infinite benignity and sovereignty, not visit the sin of him, or of any other, upon himself or any of his, nor upon the land: But that he would powerfully defend him against all temptations to sin, for the future; and vouchsafe him the efficacious, saving conduct of his word and spirit.. Kinda sad after reading everything. Rebecca Beatrice Brooks is the author and publisher of the History of Massachusetts Blog. Is there any credence to this theory? The courthouse was torn down in 1760 but a plaque dedicated to the courthouse can still be seen today on the wall of the Masonic Temple on Washington Street. Women were not the only ones believed to be witchesmen and children were accused too. The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 were a dark time in American history. In 1688, New England revolted and deposed the government of the Dominion of New England, and sent a representative back to London to report it, only to find that Parliament had deposed James II, and replaced him with William and Mary. That same month, four more women were accused and arrested:Rebecca NurseMartha CoreyDorothy GoodRachel Clinton (from Ipswich). The Salem Witch Trials. Those who were found guilty were pardoned by Governor Phips. However, the subtlety of the ministers response was largely sidelined by the grand jury, who drew their energy from one particular concluding line from Mather: we cannot but humbly recommend unto the government, the speedy and vigorous prosecution of such as have rendered themselves obnoxious. In possession of such a mandate, the trials moved up a gear. The Salem Witch Trials are a dark stain on American history and on the history of Christianity. The Salem Witch Trials Victims: Who Were They? Oh and sorry for talking a lot but if you need a website for your bibliographys heres an awesome sight I use it for school a lot and its supper easy use. Dr. John Lienhard of the University of Houston writes in Rye, Ergot and Witches about Mary Matossians 1982 study which supports Caporaels findings. Thank you so much for this! In 1711, the colony passed a bill restoring some of the names of the convicted witches and paid a total of 600 in restitution to their heirs. I am looking forward to the challenge of uncovering a multitude of analysis on this matter. Lienhard says, In recent years, though, the ergot theory has been questioned. 135, p. 112, No. Rebecca is a freelance journalist and history lover who got her start in journalism working for small-town newspapers in Massachusetts and New Hampshire after she graduated from the University of New Hampshire with a B.A. The Salem witch trials of the late 17th century were a formative episode in America's early history, and have remained at the forefront of the national consciousness ever since. Q&A: Were ducking stools ever used as punishment for crimes other than witchcraft during the Middle Ages. No ones really sure why the witch craze spread the way it did, but it brought lasting changes to the United States legal system and the way evidence and witnesses were treated. By the end of the trials in 1693, 24 people had died, some in jail but most by hanging. The devil had won. Nige Tassell is a freelance journalist specialising in history, This content first appeared in the January 2016 issue of BBC History Revealed, Save up to 49% AND your choice of gift card worth 10* when you subscribe BBC History Magazine or BBC History Revealed PLUS! "5 Facts About the Salem Trials." Get 6 issues for 19.99 and receive a 10 gift card* PLUS free access to HistoryExtra.com, Save 70% on the shop price when you subscribe today - Get 13 issues for just $49.99 + FREE access to HistoryExtra.com. Do you have a version number for this site? http://www.easybib.com/cite/view. In 2017, on the 325th anniversary of the Salem Witch Trials, the newly built Proctors Ledge Memorial was unveiled at the base of the ledge on Pope Street. Best Books About the Salem Witch Trials - History Of Massachusetts Blog The torture consisted of laying the prisoner on the ground, naked, with a board placed on top of him. Many people lived in a constant state of fear, tension, and paranoia. Every March, people in the United States celebrate the achievements and history of women as part of Womens History Month. Those who lived nearer to Salem Town engaged in commerce and were seen as a bit more worldly. Knowing that if he was convicted his large estate would be confiscated and wouldnt be passed down to his children, Corey brought his trial to a halt by refusing to enter a plea. Bridget was accused by five of the afflicted girls, Abigail Williams, Ann Putnam Jr., Mercy Lewis, Mary Walcott and Elizabeth Hubbard, who stated she had physically hurt them and tried to make them sign a pact with the devil. The other most notorious case of witchcraft in England came during the British Civil Wars when Matthew Hopkins the son of a Puritan clergyman and the self-styled Witch Finder General scoured East Anglia in search those suspected of making covenants with the Devil. Yes, it is loosely based on the Salem Witch Trials. Also I was curious to know what the specific compromise was.